- Top-and-bottom process
- Top-and-bottom process.(Источник: «Металлы и сплавы. Справочник.» Под редакцией Ю.П. Солнцева; НПО "Профессионал", НПО "Мир и семья"; Санкт-Петербург, 2003 г.)
.
.
Top-down and bottom-up design — Top down and bottom up are strategies of information processing and knowledge ordering, mostly involving software, but also other humanistic and scientific theories (see systemics). In practice, they can be seen as a style of thinking and… … Wikipedia
Top Chef (season 4) — Infobox Television Top Chef season name = Top Chef: Chicago caption = The contestants of Top Chef Season 4 first aired = March 12, 2008 last aired = June 11, 2008 filming started = Late 2007 filming completed = winner = Stephanie Izard number… … Wikipedia
Process architecture — is the structural design of general process systems and applies to fields such as computers (software, hardware, networks, etc.), business processes (enterprise architecture, policy and procedures, logistics, project management, etc.), and any… … Wikipedia
Top quark — Infobox Particle bgcolour = name = Top Quark caption = num types = composition = Elementary particle family = Fermion group = Quark generation = Third interaction = particle = antiparticle = theorized = discovered = CDF and D0 collaborations,… … Wikipedia
Bottom bracket — A square taper cartridge bottom bracket. The bottom bracket on a bicycle connects the crankset to the bicycle and allows the crankset to rotate freely. It contains a spindle that the crankset attaches to, and the bearings that allow the spindle… … Wikipedia
tunnels and underground excavations — ▪ engineering Introduction Great tunnels of the world Great tunnels of the worldhorizontal underground passageway produced by excavation or occasionally by nature s action in dissolving a soluble rock, such as limestone. A vertical opening … Universalium
Bottom-up parsing — (also known as shift reduce parsing) is a strategy for analyzing unknown data relationships that attempts to identify the most fundamental units first, and then to infer higher order structures from them. It attempts to build trees upward toward… … Wikipedia
Violin construction and mechanics — A violin consists of a body or corpus, a neck, a bridge, a soundpost, four strings, and various fittings. The fittings are the tuning pegs, tailpiece and tailgut, endpin, possibly one or more fine tuners on the tailpiece, and perhaps a chinrest,… … Wikipedia
Pan and scan — is one method of adjusting widescreen film images so that they can be shown within the proportions of a standard definition 4:3 aspect ratio television screen, often cropping off the sides of the original widescreen image to focus on the… … Wikipedia
Bosnia and Herzegovina — a republic in S Europe: formerly (1945 92) a constituent republic of Yugoslavia. 2,607,734; 19,909 sq. mi. (51,565 sq. km). Cap.: Sarajevo. * * * Bosnia and Herzegovina Introduction Bosnia and Herzegovina Background: Bosnia and Herzegovina s… … Universalium