wavelength spectrum
81X-ray fluorescence — (XRF) is the emission of characteristic secondary (or fluorescent) X rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high energy X rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis,… …
82Optical amplifier — An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from… …
83Multijunction photovoltaic cell — Multi junction solar cells or tandem cells are solar cells containing several p n junctions. Each junction is tuned to a different wavelength of light, reducing one of the largest inherent sources of losses, and thereby increasing efficiency.… …
84Transparency and translucency — Diaphanes redirects here. For the genus of firefly, see Diaphanes (beetle). Translucence redirects here. For other uses, see Translucence (disambiguation). Translucent redirects here. For the Japanese manga series, see Translucent (manga).… …
85Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy — Beckman DU640 UV/Vis spectrophotometer. Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry (UV Vis or UV/Vis) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet visible spectral region. This… …
86Introduction to quantum mechanics — This article is an accessible, non technical introduction to the subject. For the main encyclopedia article, see Quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics …
87astronomy — /euh stron euh mee/, n. the science that deals with the material universe beyond the earth s atmosphere. [1175 1225; ME astronomie ( < AF) < L astronomia < Gk. See ASTRO , NOMY] * * * I Science dealing with the origin, evolution, composition,… …
88Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …
89Light-emitting diode — LED redirects here. For other uses, see LED (disambiguation). Light emitting diode Red, pure green and blue LEDs of the 5mm diffused type Type Passive, optoelectronic Working principle Electr …
90Fourier optics — is the study of classical optics using techniques involving Fourier transforms and can be seen as an extension of the Huygens Fresnel principle. The underlying theorem that light waves can be described as made up of sinusoidal waves, in a manner… …
