volume ionization
111Thermospray — is a form of atmospheric pressure ionization in mass spectrometry. It transfers ions from the liquid phase to the gas phase for analysis. It is particularly useful in liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. [Blakley, C. R.; Carmody, J. J.;… …
112Nuclear fusion — Nuclear physics Radioactive decay Nuclear fission Nuclear fusion Classical dec …
113Hypersonic — In aerodynamics, hypersonic speeds are speeds that are highly supersonic. Since the 1970s, the term has generally been assumed to refer to speeds of Mach 5 (5 times the speed of sound) and above. The hypersonic regime is a subset of the… …
114Spark gap — A spark gap consists of an arrangement of two conducting electrodes separated by a gap usually filled with a gas such as air. When a suitable voltage is supplied, a spark forms, ionizing the gas and drastically reducing its electrical resistance …
115Electron cyclotron resonance — is a phenomenon observed both in plasma physics and condensed matter physics. An electron in a static and uniform magnetic field will move in a circle due to the Lorentz force. The circular motion may be superimposed with a uniform axial motion,… …
116Eigenvalue, eigenvector and eigenspace — In mathematics, given a linear transformation, an Audio|De eigenvector.ogg|eigenvector of that linear transformation is a nonzero vector which, when that transformation is applied to it, changes in length, but not direction. For each eigenvector… …
117Mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry — (MIKES) is a mass spectrometry technique by which mass spectra are obtained from a sector mass spectrometer that incorporates at least one magnetic sector plus one electric sector in reverse geometry (the beam first enters the magnetic… …
118Microplasma — A microwave microplasma jet Microplasmas are plasmas of small dimensions, ranging from tens to thousands of micrometers. They can be generated at a variety of temperatures and pressures, existing as either thermal or non thermal plasmas. Non… …
119Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
120Some properties of the nitrogen group elements — ▪ Table Some properties of the nitrogen group elements nitrogen phosphorus (white) atomic number 7 15 atomic weight 14.0067 30.9738 colour of element colourless white melting point (°C) −209.86 44.1 boiling point (°C) −195.8 280… …
