value of a division
21Proportional (fair division) — Proportional division or simple fair division is the original and simplest problem in fair division. Fair division problems are also called cake cutting problems. A proportional division of a cake between N people would ensure each of them got at …
22rental value — The amount which someone would pay for rental of similar property in the same condition in the same area. Evidence of rental value becomes important in lawsuits in which loss of use of real property or equipment is an issue, and the rental value… …
23Labor theory of value — The labor theories of value (LTV) are theories in economics according to which the values of commodities are related to the labor needed to produce them.There are many different accounts of labor value, with the common element that the value of… …
24Time value of money — The time value of money is the value of money figuring in a given amount of interest earned over a given amount of time. The time value of money is the central concept in finance theory. For example, $100 of today s money invested for one year… …
25Surplus value — is a concept created by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy, where its ultimate source is unpaid surplus labor performed by the worker for the capitalist, serving as a basis for capital accumulation.The German equivalent word Mehrwert… …
26Law of value — The law of value is a concept in Karl Marx s critique of political economy. Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work: the relative exchange values of those products in trade,… …
27Absolute value — For the philosophical term, see Value (ethics). For the Akrobatik album, see Absolute Value (album). In mathematics, the absolute value (or modulus) |a| of a real number a is the numerical value of a without regard to its sign. So, for example,… …
28Exchange value — In political economy and especially Marxian economics, exchange value refers to one of four major attributes of a commodity, i.e., an item or service produced for, and sold on, the market. The other three aspects are use value, value and price.… …
29Entitlement (fair division) — Entitlement in fair division describes that proportion of the resources or goods to be divided that a player can expect to receive. The idea is based on the normal idea of entitlement. Entitlements can in the main be determined by agreeing on a… …
30Exact division — An exact or even division is a type of fair division where all the players believe everyone received the same amount.There is no finite procedure for exact division but there are moving knife procedures for two players. For more than two players… …
