useful gradient
111hydrologic sciences — Introduction the fields of study concerned with the waters of the Earth. Included are the sciences of hydrology, oceanography, limnology, and glaciology. In its widest sense hydrology encompasses the study of the occurrence, the… …
112analysis — /euh nal euh sis/, n., pl. analyses / seez /. 1. the separating of any material or abstract entity into its constituent elements (opposed to synthesis). 2. this process as a method of studying the nature of something or of determining its… …
113Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …
114Vector calculus — Topics in Calculus Fundamental theorem Limits of functions Continuity Mean value theorem Differential calculus  Derivative Change of variables Implicit differentiation Taylor s theorem Related rates …
115Cellular respiration — in a typical eukaryotic cell. Cellular respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release… …
116Thermoelectric effect — The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa. On the measurement scale of everyday life, a thermoelectric device creates a voltage when there is a different temperature on each… …
117Qanat — A qanat (from ar. قناة) or kareez (from fa. كاريز) is a water management system used to provide a reliable supply of water to human settlements or for irrigation in hot, arid and semi arid climates. The technology is known to have developed in… …
118Mitochondrion — For the metal band, see Mitochondrion (band). Two mitochondria from mammalian lung tissue displaying their matrix and membranes as shown by electron microscopy …
119Portable Network Graphics — PNG A PNG image with an 8 bit transparency channel (top). The same image is overlaid onto a checkered background (botto …
120Differential calculus — The graph of a function, drawn in black, and a tangent line to that function, drawn in red. The slope of the tangent line equals the derivative of the function at the marked point. Topics in Calculus …
