upper-bound solution
1Branch and bound — (BB) is a general algorithm for finding optimal solutions of various optimization problems, especially in discrete and combinatorial optimization. It consists of a systematic enumeration of all candidate solutions, where large subsets of… …
2Viscosity solution — In mathematics, the viscosity solution concept was introduced in the early 1980s by Pierre Louis Lions and Michael Crandall as a generalization of the classical concept of what is meant by a solution to a partial differential equation (PDE). It… …
3Meshfree methods — are a particular class of numerical simulation algorithms for the simulation of physical phenomena. Traditional simulation algorithms relied on a grid or a mesh, meshfree methods in contrast use the geometry of the simulated object directly for… …
4Orders of magnitude (numbers) — The logarithmic scale can compactly represent the relationship among variously sized numbers. This list contains selected positive numbers in increasing order, including counts of things, dimensionless quantity and probabilities. Each number is… …
5Rayleigh-Ritz method — In applied mathematics and mechanical engineering, the Rayleigh Ritz method is a widely used, classical method for the calculation of the natural vibration frequency of a structure in the second or higher order. It is a direct variational method… …
6Travelling salesman problem — The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is an NP hard problem in combinatorial optimization studied in operations research and theoretical computer science. Given a list of cities and their pairwise distances, the task is to find a shortest… …
7Constraint optimization — In constraint satisfaction, constrained optimization (also called constraint optimization) seeks for a solution maximizing or minimizing a cost function. Contents 1 Definition 2 Solution methods 2.1 Branch and bound …
8Optimal solutions for Rubik's Cube — Computer Graphics of a scrambled Rubik s cube There are many algorithms to solve scrambled Rubik s Cubes. The maximum number of face turns needed to solve any instance of the Rubik s cube is 20.[1] This number is also known as the diameter of the …
9Logic and the philosophy of mathematics in the nineteenth century — John Stillwell INTRODUCTION In its history of over two thousand years, mathematics has seldom been disturbed by philosophical disputes. Ever since Plato, who is said to have put the slogan ‘Let no one who is not a geometer enter here’ over the… …
10Limit superior and limit inferior — In mathematics, the limit inferior (also called infimum limit, liminf, inferior limit, lower limit, or inner limit) and limit superior (also called supremum limit, limsup, superior limit, upper limit, or outer limit) of a sequence can be thought… …
