universal character of international law
101Superior orders — (often known as the Nuremberg defense or lawful orders) is a plea in a court of law that a soldier not be held guilty for actions which were ordered by a superior office.[1] The superior orders plea is similar to the doctrine of respondeat… …
102Paleoconservatism — Part of a series on Conservatism in the United States …
103Catholic Church hierarchy — The term Hierarchy in the Catholic Church has a variety of related usages. Literally, holy government , the term is employed in different instances. There is a Hierarchy of Truths,[1] which refers to the levels of solemnity of the official… …
104Human rights in Israel — have been evaluated by various non governmental organizations and individuals, often in relation to the ongoing Arab Israeli conflict and the Israeli Palestinian conflict. When analyzing Israel s human rights records, most observers agree that it …
105Peace movement — A peace movement is a social movement that seeks to achieve ideals such as the ending of a particular war (or all wars), minimize inter human violence in a particular place or type of situation, often linked to the goal of achieving world peace.… …
106Intellectual property — This article is about the legal concept. For the 2006 film, see Intellectual Property (film). Intellectual property law Primary rights …
107Peremptory norm — A peremptory norm (also called jus cogens or ius cogens , Latin for compelling law ) is a fundamental principle of international law which is accepted by the international community of states as a norm from which no derogation is ever permitted.… …
108Friedrich Martens — Friedrich Fromhold Martens, or Friedrich Fromhold von Martens, [Friedrich Martens should not be confused with Georg Friedrich von Martens (1756–1821) who was incidentally also an international lawyer, born in Hamburg. He was professor of… …
109Palestinian right of return — The Palestinian right of return (Arabic: حق العودة Ḥaqq al ʿawda ; Hebrew: זכות השיבה zkhut hashivah ) is a political position or principle asserting that Palestinian refugees, both first generation refugees and their descendants, have a right to …
110Minority Treaties — Minority Treaties[a] refer to the treaties, League of Nations Mandates,[1] and unilateral declarations [2] made by countries applying for membership in the League of Nations and United Nations. Most of the treaties entered into force as a result… …
