unbiased measurement
51Labour productivity — is defined by the OECD to be the ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input OECD Manual: “Measuring Productivity; Measurement of Aggregate and Industry Level Productivity Growth.” (2002) Volume measures of output are… …
52Bayes estimator — In decision theory and estimation theory, a Bayes estimator is an estimator or decision rule that maximizes the posterior expected value of a utility function or minimizes the posterior expected value of a loss function (also called posterior… …
53sociology — sociologist, n. /soh see ol euh jee, soh shee /, n. the science or study of the origin, development, organization, and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations, institutions, etc. [1835 45; < F… …
54Linear least squares (mathematics) — This article is about the mathematics that underlie curve fitting using linear least squares. For statistical regression analysis using least squares, see linear regression. For linear regression on a single variable, see simple linear regression …
55Design of experiments — In general usage, design of experiments (DOE) or experimental design is the design of any information gathering exercises where variation is present, whether under the full control of the experimenter or not. However, in statistics, these terms… …
56Statistical dispersion — In statistics, statistical dispersion (also called statistical variability or variation) is variability or spread in a variable or a probability distribution. Common examples of measures of statistical dispersion are the variance, standard… …
57Weighted mean — The weighted mean is similar to an arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), where instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points contribute more than others. The notion of weighted mean… …
58Hardware random number generator — This SSL Accelerator computer card uses a hardware random number generator to generate cryptographic keys to encrypt data sent over computer networks. In computing, a hardware random number generator is an apparatus that generates random numbers… …
59Confidence interval — This article is about the confidence interval. For Confidence distribution, see Confidence Distribution. In statistics, a confidence interval (CI) is a particular kind of interval estimate of a population parameter and is used to indicate the… …
60Minimum message length — (MML) is a formal information theory restatement of Occam s Razor: even when models are not equal in goodness of fit accuracy to the observed data, the one generating the shortest overall message is more likely to be correct (where the message… …
