ultrashort light pulse
31Fiber laser — A fiber laser or fibre laser is a laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare earth elements such as erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, and thulium. They are related to doped fiber amplifiers,… …
32Ti-sapphire laser — Ti:sapphire lasers (also known as Ti:Al2O3 lasers, titanium sapphire lasers, or simply Ti:sapphs) are tunable lasers which emit red and near infrared light in the range from 650 to 1100 nanometers. These lasers are mainly used in scientific… …
33Kerr-lens modelocking — (KLM) is a method of modelocking lasers via a nonlinear optical process known as the optical Kerr effect . This method allows the generation of pulses of light with a duration as short as a few femtoseconds.The optical Kerr effect is a process… …
34GRENOUILLE — Grating eliminated no nonsense observation of ultrafast incident laser light e fields (GRENOUILLE) is an ultrashort pulse measurement technique based on frequency resolved optical gating (FROG). The somewhat frivolous acronym was chosen because… …
35Self-focusing — is a non linear optical process induced by the change in refractive index of materials exposed to intense electromagnetic radiation. [Cumberbatch, E. Self focusing in Non linear optics , J. Inst. Maths Applics 6, 250 (1970)] Mourou, G. A. et al.… …
36Список самых мощных лазерных установок — Это список лазерных систем, на которых была достигнута мощность излучения более 100 ТВт. Все подобные системы основаны на применении технологии усиления чирпованных импульсов (CPA), однако различаются по типу используемых активных сред. Наиболее… …
37Soliton (optics) — In optics, the term soliton is used to refer to any optical field that does not change during propagation because of a delicate balance between nonlinear and linear effects in the medium. There are two main kinds of solitons: spatial solitons:… …
38Frequency-resolved optical gating — In optics, frequency resolved optical gating (FROG) is a derivative of autocorrelation, but is far superior in its ability to measure ultrafast optical pulse shapes. Further, it can determine the phase of the pulse.In the most common… …
39Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
40Microscopy — is the technical field of using microscopes to view samples and objects that cannot be seen with the unaided eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well known branches of microscopy, optical,… …
