ultrafast neutron
1Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
2Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
3Exchange Bias — Als Exchange Bias (EB) bezeichnet man eine unidirektionale Anisotropie (deshalb auch unidirectional exchange anisotropy genannt), die durch die Kopplung zwischen einem Ferro und einem Antiferromagneten entsteht. Der Exchange Bias bewirkt eine… …
4Phosphor — A phosphor is a substance that exhibits the phenomenon of phosphorescence (sustained glowing after exposure to energized particles such as electrons).Phosphors are transition metal compounds or rare earth compounds of various types. The most… …
5X-ray crystallography — can locate every atom in a zeolite, an aluminosilicate with many important applications, such as water purification. X ray crystallography is a method of determining the arrangement of atoms within a crystal, in which a beam of X rays strikes a… …
6Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …
7Spectroscopy — Analysis of white light by dispersing it with a prism is example of spectroscopy. Spectroscopy ( …
8Protein folding — Protein thermodynamics redirects here. For the thermodynamics of reactions catalyzed by proteins, see Enzyme. Protein before and after folding. Protein folding is the process by which a protein structure assumes its functional shape or… …
9Gurgen Askaryan — ( hy. Գուրգեն Ասկարյան , ru. Гурген Аскарьян or Гурген Аскарян ) (1928 1997) was a prominent Soviet physicist, famous for his discovery of the self focusing of light. Among his other achievements are the pioneering studies of light matter… …
10Collision cascade — A classical molecular dynamics computer simulation of a collision cascade in Au induced by a 10 keV Au self recoil. This is a typical case of a collision cascade in the heat spike regime. Each small sphere illustrates the position of an atom, in… …
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