ultra- low temperature
71Mercury battery — A mercury battery (also called mercuric oxide battery, or mercury cell) is a non rechargeable electrochemical battery, a primary cell. Due to the content of mercury, and the resulting environmental concerns, the sale of mercury batteries is… …
72Underfloor heating — Heat can be provided by circulating heated water or by electric cable, mesh, or film heaters.Underfloor heating can be used with concrete and wooden floors, with all types of floor covering (e.g., stone, tile, wood, vinyl, and carpet), and at… …
73Direct bonding — describes a wafer bonding process without any additional intermediate layers. The bonding process is based on chemical bonds between two surfaces of any material possible meeting numerous requirements.[1] These requirements are specified for the… …
74Pasteurization — is a process of heating a food, usually liquid, to a specific temperature for a definite length of time, and then cooling it immediately. This process slows microbial growth in food. The process of heating wine for preservation purposes has been… …
75Scanning electron microscope — These pollen grains taken on an SEM show the characteristic depth of field of SEM micrographs …
76Optical fiber — A bundle of optical fibers A TOSLINK fiber optic audio c …
77Solar air conditioning — refers to any air conditioning (cooling) system that uses solar power. This can be done through passive solar, photovoltaic conversion (sun to electricity), or solar thermal energy conversion. The U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act of… …
78Microplasma — A microwave microplasma jet Microplasmas are plasmas of small dimensions, ranging from tens to thousands of micrometers. They can be generated at a variety of temperatures and pressures, existing as either thermal or non thermal plasmas. Non… …
79Bose–Einstein condensate — A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter of bosons confined in an external potential and cooled to temperatures very near to absolute zero (val|0|u=K, val| 273.15|u=°C, or val| 459.67|u=°F ). Under such supercooled conditions, a… …
80Nuclear magnetic resonance — This article is about the physical phenomenon. For its use as a method in spectroscopy, see Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR redirects here. For other uses, see NMR (disambiguation). First 1 GHz NMR Spectrometer (1000 MHz,… …
