trigonometric factor
41Length contraction — Length contraction, according to Hendrik Lorentz, is the physical phenomenon of a decrease in length detected by an observer in objects that travel at any non zero velocity relative to that observer. This contraction (more formally called Lorentz …
42Projective transformation — A projective transformation is a transformation used in projective geometry: it is the composition of a pair of perspective projections. It describes what happens to the perceived positions of observed objects when the point of view of the… …
43Cissoid of Diocles — construction In geometry, the cissoid of Diocles is a cubic plane curve notable for the property that it can be used to construct two mean proportionals to a given ratio. In particular, it can be used to double a cube. It can be defined as the… …
44List of mathematics articles (I) — NOTOC Ia IA automorphism ICER Icosagon Icosahedral 120 cell Icosahedral prism Icosahedral symmetry Icosahedron Icosian Calculus Icosian game Icosidodecadodecahedron Icosidodecahedron Icositetrachoric honeycomb Icositruncated dodecadodecahedron… …
45List of mathematics articles (P) — NOTOC P P = NP problem P adic analysis P adic number P adic order P compact group P group P² irreducible P Laplacian P matrix P rep P value P vector P y method Pacific Journal of Mathematics Package merge algorithm Packed storage matrix Packing… …
46Cardioid/Proofs — TheoremThe curve defined by the parametric equations : x(t) = 2 r left( cos t {1 over 2} cos 2 t ight), qquad qquad (1) : y(t) = 2 r left( sin t {1 over 2} sin 2 t ight) qquad qquad (2) has the same shape as the curve defined in polar coordinates …
47Prolate spheroidal coordinates — are a three dimensional orthogonal coordinate system that results from rotating the two dimensional elliptic coordinate system about the focal axis of the ellipse, i.e., the axis on which the foci are located. Rotation about the other axis… …
48Oblate spheroidal coordinates — Figure 1: Coordinate isosurfaces for a point P (shown as a black sphere) in oblate spheroidal coordinates (μ, ν, φ). The z axis is vertical, and the foci are at ±2. The red oblate spheroid (flattened sphere) corresponds to μ=1, whereas the blue… …
49Wave equation — Not to be confused with Wave function. The wave equation is an important second order linear partial differential equation for the description of waves – as they occur in physics – such as sound waves, light waves and water waves. It arises in… …
50Integration by parts — Topics in Calculus Fundamental theorem Limits of functions Continuity Mean value theorem Differential calculus  Derivative Change of variables Implicit differentiation Taylor s theorem Related rates …
