total spin momentum
51Ising model — The Ising model, named after the physicist Ernst Ising, is a mathematical model in statistical mechanics. It has since been used to model diverse phenomena in which bits of information, interacting in pairs, produce collectiveeffects.Definition… …
52Fine structure — Interference fringes, showing fine structure (splitting) of a cooled deuterium source, viewed through a Fabry Pérot étalon. In atomic physics, the fine structure describes the splitting of the spectral lines of atoms due to first order… …
53Electron magnetic dipole moment — In atomic physics, the magnetic dipole moment of an electron is caused by its intrinsic property of spin within a magnetic field. Explanation of magnetic momentThe electron is a negatively charged particle with angular momentum. A rotating… …
54Magnetic quantum number — In atomic physics, the magnetic quantum number is the third of a set of quantum numbers (the principal quantum number, the azimuthal quantum number, the magnetic quantum number, and the spin quantum number) which describe the unique quantum state …
55List of Hund's rules — In atomic physics, Hund s rules refer to a simple set of rules used to determine which is the term symbol that corresponds to the ground state of a multi electron atom. They were proposed by Friedrich Hund. In chemistry, rule one is especially… …
56Term symbol — In quantum mechanics, the term symbol is an abbreviated description of the angular momentum quantum numbers in a multi electron atom. It is related with the energy level of a given electron configuration. LS coupling is assumed. The ground state… …
57physical science, principles of — Introduction the procedures and concepts employed by those who study the inorganic world. physical science, like all the natural sciences, is concerned with describing and relating to one another those experiences of the surrounding… …
58Rotational spectroscopy — Part of the rotational vibrational spectrum of carbon monoxide (CO) gas (from FTIR), showing the presence of P and R branches. Frequency is on the x axis, and absorbance on the y axis. Rotational spectroscopy or microwave spectroscopy studies the …
59Planck constant — Planck s relation redirects here. For the law governing black body radiation, see Planck s law. Values of h Units 6.62606957(29)×10−34 J·s[1] 4.135 …
60superfluidity — [so͞o΄pər flo͞o id′ə tē] n. the phenomenon, exhibited by liquid helium at temperatures below 2.18°K, of flowing without friction and having very high thermal conductivity superfluid [so͞opərflo͞o′id] n., adj. * * * See superfluid. * * * Unusual… …
