topologically stable
1René Thom — Infobox Scientist name=René Thom caption=René Thom birth date = birth date|1923|09|02 birth place= Montbéliard, France alma mater= University of Paris doctoral advisor= Henri Cartan death date = death date and age|2002|10|25|1923|09|02 field =… …
2John Mather (mathematician) — For the Nobel Prize in Physics 2006, see: John C. Mather : For the Vice Chancellor of the University of Oxford, 1723 28, see John Mather (Vice Chancellor of the University of Oxford). John N. Mather (born 9 June 1942 in Los Angeles, California)… …
3Andronov-Pontryagin criterion — The Andronov–Pontryagin criterion is a necessary and sufficient condition for the stability of dynamical systems in the plane. It was derived by Aleksandr Andronov and Lev Pontryagin in 1937.tatementA vector field dot{x} = v(x) with xin… …
4Kosterlitz–Thouless transition — The Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, or Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, is a special transition seen in the XY model for interacting spin systems in 2 spatial dimensions.The XY model is a 2 Dimensional vector spin model that possesses… …
5QCD vacuum — The QCD vacuum is the vacuum state of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). It is an example of a non perturbative vacuum state, characterized by many non vanishing condensates such as the gluon condensate or the quark condensate. These condensates… …
6BPST instanton — The BPST instanton is the instanton with winding number 1 found by Belavin, Polyakov, Schwartz and Tyupkin. It is a classical solution to the equations of motion in Euclidean space time (i.e. after Wick rotation), meaning it describes a… …
7T7 DNA polymerase — The T7 DNA polymerase of the T7 bacteriophage is a DNA dependent DNA polymerase responsible for the fast rate of T7 phage DNA replication in vivo . The polymerase consists of a 1:1 complex of the viral T7 gene 5 protein (80kDA) and the E. coli… …
8Structural stability — In mathematics, structural stability is an aspect of stability theory concerning whether a given function is sensitive to a small perturbation. The general idea is that a function or flow is structurally stable if any other function or flow close …
9Homotopy groups of spheres — In the mathematical field of algebraic topology, the homotopy groups of spheres describe how spheres of various dimensions can wrap around each other. They are examples of topological invariants, which reflect, in algebraic terms, the structure… …
10Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
