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1Substitution bias — describes a bias in economics index numbers arising from tendency to purchase inexpensive alternatives for expensive items when prices change.Substitution bias occurs when two or more items experience a change of price relative to each other.… …
2Substitution cipher — In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are replaced with ciphertext according to a regular system; the units may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters,… …
3Substitution model — A substitution model describes the process from which a sequence of characters of a fixed size from some alphabet changes into another set of traits. For example, in cladistics, each position in the sequence might correspond to a property of a… …
4Substitution matrix — In evolutionary biology, a substitution matrix describes the rate at which one character in a sequence changes to other character states over time. Substitution matrices are usually seen in the context of amino acid or DNA sequence alignments,… …
5Substitution reaction — In a substitution reaction, a functional group in a particular chemical compound is replaced by another group.[1][2] In organic chemistry, the electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions are of prime importance. Organic substitution… …
6Substitution tiling — A tile substitution is a useful method for constructing highly ordered tilings. Most importantly, some tile substitutions generate aperiodic tilings, which are tilings whose prototiles do not admit any tiling with translational symmetry. The most …
7Substitution of variables — In mathematics, substitution of variables (also called variable substitution or coordinate transformation) refers to the substitution of certain variables with other variables. Though the study of how variable substitutions affect a certain… …
8Substitution (law) — In legal terms, the Right of Substitution is a statutory right of all parties except the State. It is the right to change the presiding court official with or without cause.Judges are usually given cases randomly within a jurisdiction (unless… …
9Substitution instance — In propositional logic, a substitution instance of a propositional formula is a second formula obtained by replacing symbols of the original formula by other formulas. A key fact is that any substitution of a tautology is again a tautology.… …
10Substitution principle (sustainability) — The substitution principle is focused on the substitution of a product, service or process to another that is more efficient or beneficial in some way while retaining the same functionality. The prominent substitution nowadays is replacing a… …
