the problem as formulated
51Inventive step under the European Patent Convention — Legal requirements applicable to European patent applications and patents …
52Closure problem — A Closure problem is a problem in graph theory for finding a set of vertices in a directed graph such that there are no edges from the set to the rest of the graph. More specifically, the minimum closure problem asks for a set of this type with… …
53Ménage problem — A table with ten place settings. According to the solution to the ménage problem, there are 3120 different ways in which five couples can choose seats at this table in such a way that men and women alternate and do not sit next to their partners …
54Hadwiger–Nelson problem — Unsolved problems in mathematics How many colors are needed to color the plane so that no two points at unit distance are the same color? In geometric graph theory, the Hadwiger–Nelson problem, named after Hugo Hadwiger and Edward Nelson, asks… …
55Equichordal point problem — In Euclidean plane geometry, the equichordal point problem is the question whether a closed planar convex body can have two equichordal points.[1] The problem was originally posed in 1916 by Fujiwara and in 1917 by Wilhelm Blaschke, Rothe and… …
56Whitehead problem — In group theory, a branch of abstract algebra, the Whitehead problem is the following question::Is every abelian group A with Ext1( A , Z) = 0 a free abelian group?Abelian groups satisfying this condition are sometimes called Whitehead groups, so …
57Hierarchy problem — In theoretical physics, a hierarchy problem occurs when the fundamental parameters (couplings or masses) of some Lagrangian are vastly different (usually larger) than the parameters measured by experiment. This can happen because measured… …
58Molyneux's problem — is a thought experiment in philosophy concerning immediate recovery from blindness. It was first formulated by William Molyneux, and notably referenced in John Locke s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. The problem can be stated in brief,… …
59El Farol Bar problem — El Farol in Santa Fe The El Farol bar problem is a problem in game theory. Based on a bar in Santa Fe, New Mexico, it was created in 1994 by W. Brian Arthur. The problem is as follows: There is a particular …
60Hamburger moment problem — In mathematics, the Hamburger moment problem, named after Hans Ludwig Hamburger, is formulated as follows: given a sequence { αn : n = 1, 2, 3, ... }, does there exist a positive Borel measure μ on the real line such that:alpha n = int {… …
