the interface between humans and computers
31Travelling salesman problem — The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is an NP hard problem in combinatorial optimization studied in operations research and theoretical computer science. Given a list of cities and their pairwise distances, the task is to find a shortest… …
32Emergy — The term Emergy was originally coined by David M. Scienceman in collaboration with the late Howard T. Odum. H.T.Odum used emergy to mean both sequestered energy and emergent property of energy use [ H.T.Odum, 1988,… …
33computer — computerlike, adj. /keuhm pyooh teuhr/, n. 1. Also called processor. an electronic device designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations. Cf. analog… …
34information processing — Acquisition, recording, organization, retrieval, display, and dissemination of information. Today the term usually refers to computer based operations. Information processing consists of locating and capturing information, using software to… …
35Computer shogi — is a field of artificial intelligence concerned with the creation of computer programs which can play shogi. The research and development of shogi software has been carried out mainly by freelance programmers, university research groups and… …
36Artificial intelligence — AI redirects here. For other uses, see Ai. For other uses, see Artificial intelligence (disambiguation). TOPIO, a humanoid robot, played table tennis at Tokyo International Robot Exhibition (IREX) 2009.[1] Artificial intelligence ( …
37Simulated reality — is the proposition that reality could be simulated perhaps by computer simulation to a degree indistinguishable from true reality. It could contain conscious minds which may or may not be fully aware that they are living inside a simulation. This …
38Exocortex — An exocortex is an external information processing system that augments the brain s biological high level cognitive processes.An individual s exocortex would be comprised of external memory modules, processors, IO devices and software systems… …
39Brain — This article is about the brains of all types of animals, including humans. For information specific to the human brain, see Human brain. For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). A chimpanzee brain The brain is …
40Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …
