symmetry class
41Group theory — is a mathematical discipline, the part of abstract algebra that studies the algebraic structures known as groups. The development of group theory sprang from three main sources: number theory, theory of algebraic equations, and geometry. The… …
42Technicolor (physics) — Beyond the Standard Model Standard Model …
43Space group — In mathematics and geometry, a space group is a symmetry group, usually for three dimensions, that divides space into discrete repeatable domains. In three dimensions, there are 219 unique types, or counted as 230 if chiral copies are considered… …
44Identical particles — Statistical mechanics Thermodynamics · …
45subatomic particle — or elementary particle Any of various self contained units of matter or energy. Discovery of the electron in 1897 and of the atomic nucleus in 1911 established that the atom is actually a composite of a cloud of electrons surrounding a tiny but… …
46de Sitter invariant special relativity — In mathematical physics, de Sitter invariant special relativity is the speculative idea that the fundamental symmetry group of spacetime is the Indefinite orthogonal group SO(4,1), that of de Sitter space. In the standard theory of General… …
47Lorentz covariance — In standard physics, Lorentz covariance is a key property of spacetime that follows from the special theory of relativity, where it applies globally. Local Lorentz covariance refers to Lorentz covariance applying only locally in an infinitesimal… …
48Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
49Polyhedron — Polyhedra redirects here. For the relational database system, see Polyhedra DBMS. For the game magazine, see Polyhedron (magazine). For the scientific journal, see Polyhedron (journal). Some Polyhedra Dodecahedron (Regular polyhedron) …
50Topological order — In physics, topological order is a new kind of order (a newkind of organization of particles) in a quantum state that is beyond theLandau symmetry breaking description. It cannot be described by local order parameters and long rangecorrelations.… …
