surface-state instability
51Italy — /it l ee/, n. a republic in S Europe, comprising a peninsula S of the Alps, and Sicily, Sardinia, Elba, and other smaller islands: a kingdom 1870 1946. 57,534,088; 116,294 sq. mi. (301,200 sq. km). Cap.: Rome. Italian, Italia. * * * Italy… …
52literature — /lit euhr euh cheuhr, choor , li treuh /, n. 1. writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. 2.… …
53Islāmic world — Introduction prehistory and history of the Islamic community. Adherence to Islām is a global phenomenon: Muslims predominate in some 30 to 40 countries, from the Atlantic to the Pacific and along a belt that stretches across northern… …
54Rayleigh–Bénard convection — Bénard cells. Rayleigh–Bénard convection is a type of natural convection, occurring in a plane of fluid heated from below, in which the fluid develops a regular pattern of convection cells known as Bénard cells. Rayleigh–Bénard convection is one… …
55Neutron star — redirects here. For the story by Larry Niven, see Neutron Star (short story). Neutron stars crush half a million times more mass than Earth into a sphere no larger than Manhattan. A neutron star is a type of stellar remnant that can result from… …
56Lake-effect snow — Lake Effect redirects here. For the American literary journal, see Lake Effect (journal). Lake effect precipitation coming off Lake Erie and into Western New York, as seen by NEXRAD radar, October 12–13, 2006 …
57Somatic evolution in cancer — Somatic evolution is the accumulation of mutations in the cells of a body (the soma) during a lifetime, and the effects of those mutations on the fitness of those cells. Somatic evolution is important in the process of aging as well as the… …
58Liberia — Liberian, adj., n. /luy bear ee euh/, n. a republic in W Africa: founded by freed American slaves 1822. 2,602,068; ab. 43,000 sq. mi. (111,000 sq. km). Cap.: Monrovia. * * * Liberia Introduction Liberia Background: Seven years of civil strife… …
59Landslide mitigation — Landslides can be triggered by many often concomitant causes. In addition to shallow erosion or reduction of shear strength caused by seasonal rainfall, causes triggered by anthropic activities such as adding excessive weight above the slope,… …
60Africa — /af ri keuh/, n. 1. a continent S of Europe and between the Atlantic and Indian oceans. 551,000,000; ab. 11,700,000 sq. mi. (30,303,000 sq. km). adj. 2. African. * * * I Second largest continent on Earth. It is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea,… …
