surface impurity concentration

  • 51Molybdenum — niobium ← molybdenum → technetium Cr ↑ Mo ↓ W …

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  • 52Oligonucleotide synthesis — is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure (sequence). The technique is extremely useful in current laboratory practice because it provides a rapid and inexpensive access to custom… …

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  • 53Material properties of diamond — This article addresses the material properties of diamond. For a broader discussion of diamonds, see diamond. For other uses of the word diamond, see diamond (disambiguation). Diamond An octahedral diamond crystal in matrix Gener …

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  • 54integrated circuit — Electronics. a circuit of transistors, resistors, and capacitors constructed on a single semiconductor wafer or chip, in which the components are interconnected to perform a given function. Abbr.: IC Also called microcircuit. [1955 60] * * * ▪… …

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  • 55Semiconductor device — Semiconductor devices are electronic components that exploit the electronic properties of semiconductor materials, principally silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide. Semiconductor devices have replaced thermionic devices (vacuum tubes) in most …

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  • 56Degenerate semiconductor — This article is about highly doped semiconductors that begin to show metal like electronic behavior. For other uses, see Degeneracy. A degenerate semiconductor is a semiconductor with such a high level of doping that the material starts to act… …

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  • 57Detection limit — In analytical chemistry, the detection limit, lower limit of detection, or LOD (limit of detection), is the lowest quantity of a substance that can be distinguished from the absence of that substance (a blank value) within a stated confidence… …

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  • 58zinc processing — Introduction       preparation of the ore for use in various products.       Zinc (Zn) is a metallic element of hexagonal close packed (hcp) crystal structure and a density of 7.13 grams per cubic centimetre. It has only moderate hardness and can …

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  • 59Blacksmith — For other uses, see Blacksmith (disambiguation). Blacksmith A blacksmith at work Occupation …

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  • 60Aparokshanubhuti — AparokshanubhutiBy Adi Shankaracharya, 788 82 CE,Translated by Swami VimuktanandaPublished by Advaita Ashram, Kolkatta [Shankara discusses the identity of the individual Self and the universal Self through the direct experience of the highest… …

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