successors
121EGYPT — EGYPT, country in N.E. Africa, centering along the banks of the River Nile from the Mediterranean coast southward beyond the first cataract at Aswan. The ancient Egyptians named their land Kemi, the Black Land, while the neighboring Asiatic… …
122LITERATURE, JEWISH — Literature on Jewish themes and in languages regarded as Jewish has been written continuously for the past 3,000 years. What the term Jewish literature encompasses, however, demands definition, since Jews have lived in so many countries and have… …
123MESOPOTAMIA — The original article in the first edition of the Encyclopaedia Judaica traced Mesopotamian history to its earliest beginnings and provided a detailed survey of Mesopotamian literature and institutions. With the availability of such tools as J.… …
124Caliph — This article is about the Muslim head of state. For other meanings of Caliph , see Caliph (disambiguation). Caliph of the Faithful خليفة Residence Medina Damascus Baghdad Cairo Istanbul …
125Emperor — An emperor (from the Latin imperator ) is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress is the feminine form. As a title, empress may indicate the wife of an emperor ( empress consort ) or a …
126History of Christianity — Church history redirects here. For the journal, see American Society of Church History#Church History. For the magazine, see Christianity Today#Christian History. Church historian redirects here. For LDS official church historian, see Church… …
127Hasidic Judaism — Hasidic Jews praying in the synagogue on Yom Kippur, by Maurycy Gottlieb Part of a se …
128Pope Paul VI — Infobox pope English name=Paul VI birth name=Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini term start=June 21, 1963 term end=August 6, 1978 predecessor=John XXIII successor=John Paul I birth date=birth date|1897|9|26|mf=y birthplace=Concesio,… …
