substrate layer
81Solar cell — A solar cell made from a monocrystalline silicon wafer …
82Thin-film deposition — is any technique for depositing a thin film of material onto a substrate or onto previously deposited layers. Thin is a relative term, but most deposition techniques allow layer thickness to be controlled within a few tens of nanometers, and some …
83Self-assembled monolayer — Self assembled monolayers (SAMs) are surfaces consisting of a single layer of molecules on a substrate. Rather than having to use a technique such as chemical vapor deposition or molecular beam epitaxy to add molecules to a surface (often with… …
84Superlens — A superlens, super lens or perfect lens is a lens which uses metamaterials to go beyond the diffraction limit. The diffraction limit is an inherent limitation in conventional optical devices or lenses.[1] In 2000, a type of lens was proposed,… …
85epitaxy — /ep i tak see/, n., pl. epitaxies. Crystall. epitaxis. * * * ▪ crystallography the process of growing a crystal of a particular orientation on top of another crystal, where the orientation is determined by the underlying crystal. The… …
86glacial landform — ▪ geology Introduction any product of flowing ice and meltwater. Such landforms are being produced today in glaciated areas, such as Greenland, Antarctica, and many of the world s higher mountain ranges. In addition, large expansions of present… …
87Helianthos — articleissues expert=Energy development refimprove=January 2007 peacock=October 2007 technical=October 2007Helianthos is a program focused on the development of solar cell modules that can be manufactured via roll to roll processes on long foil… …
88Aulacomnium palustre — Taxobox image caption = regnum = Plantae divisio = Bryophyta classis = Bryopsida subclassis = Bryidae ordo = Bryales familia = Aulacomniaceae genus = Aulacomnium species = A. palustre binomial = Aulacomnium palustre binomial authority = (Hedw.)… …
89Combustion chemical vapor deposition — (CCVD) is a chemical process by which thin film coatings are deposited onto substrates in the open atmosphere. Contents 1 History 2 Principles and procedure 3 Remote combustion chemical v …
90Nanotube nanomotor — A device generating linear or rotational motion using carbon nanotube(s) as the primary component, is termed a nanotube nanomotor. Nature already has some of the most efficient and powerful kinds of nanomotors. Some of these natural biological… …
