substrate layer
61Surface micromachining — is a process used to produce micromachinery or MEMS.Unlike Bulk micromachining, where a silicon substrate (wafer) is selectively etched to produce structures, surface micromachining is based on the deposition and etching of different structural… …
62Nanomesh — Perspective view of nanomesh, whose structure ends at the back of the figure. The distance between two pore centers is 3.2nm, and the pores are 0.05nm deep. The nanomesh is a new inorganic nanostructured two dimensional material, similar to… …
63materials science — the study of the characteristics and uses of various materials, as glass, plastics, and metals. [1960 65] * * * Study of the properties of solid materials and how those properties are determined by the material s composition and structure, both… …
64Metamaterial antenna — This Z antenna tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is smaller than a standard antenna with comparable properties. Its high efficiency is derived from the Z element inside the square that acts as a metamaterial, greatly… …
65Micro contact printing — Figure 1: PDMS master is created by patterning silicon, pouring and curing the PDMS, and peeling away from the substrate …
66Threshold voltage — The threshold voltage of a MOSFET is usually defined as the gate voltage where an inversion layer forms at the interface between the insulating layer (oxide) and the substrate (body) of the transistor. The creation of this layer is described next …
67Contact lithography — Contact lithography, also known as contact printing, is a form of photolithography whereby the image to be printed is obtained by illumination of a photomask in direct contact with a substrate coated with an imaging photoresist layer. Contents 1… …
68Lichen — For other uses, see Lichen (disambiguation). Lichenes from Ernst Haeckel s Artforms of Nature, 1904 …
69Microelectromechanical systems — (MEMS) (also written as micro electro mechanical, MicroElectroMechanical or microelectronic and microelectromechanical systems) is the technology of very small mechanical devices driven by electricity; it merges at the nano scale into… …
70Coral reef — Marine habitats Biodiversity of a coral reef Lit …
