substrate layer
41Printed circuit board — Part of a 1983 Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer board; a populated PCB, showing the conductive traces, vias (the through hole paths to the other surface), and some mounted electrical components A printed circuit board, or PCB, is used to… …
42Thin film — A thin film is a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer (monolayer) to several micrometers in thickness. Electronic semiconductor devices and optical coatings are the main applications benefiting from thin film construction. A… …
43Microbial mat — A microbial mat is a multi layered sheet of micro organisms, mainly bacteria and archaea. Microbial mats grow at interfaces between different types of material, mostly on submerged or moist surfaces but a few survive in deserts.[1] They colonize… …
44liquid crystal display — n. LCD * * * ▪ electronics Introduction electronic display device that operates by applying a varying electric voltage to a layer of liquid crystal, thereby inducing changes in its optical properties. LCDs are commonly used for portable… …
45crystal — crystallike, adj. /kris tl/, n., adj., v., crystaled, crystaling or (esp. Brit.) crystalled, crystalling. n. 1. a clear, transparent mineral or glass resembling ice. 2. the transparent form of crystallized quartz. 3. Chem., Mineral. a solid body… …
46Crystal — /kris tl/, n. 1. a city in SE Minnesota, near Minneapolis. 25,543. 2. a female given name. * * * I Any solid material whose atoms are arranged in a definite pattern and whose surface regularity reflects its internal symmetry. Each of a crystal s… …
47Trichoplax adhaerens — Taxobox name = Trichoplax adhaerens image caption = Light microscope image of Trichoplax (specimen ca. 0.5 mm across) regnum = Animalia subregnum = Metazoa superphylum = Parazoa phylum = Placozoa genus = Trichoplax species = adhaerens binomial =… …
48Thermal copper pillar bump — The Thermal Copper Pillar Bump, also known as the thermal bump , is a thermoelectric device made from thin film thermoelectric material embedded in flip chip interconnects (in particular copper pillar solder bumps) for use in electronics and… …
49semiconductor device — ▪ electronics Introduction electronic circuit component made from a material that is neither a good conductor nor a good insulator (hence semiconductor). Such devices have found wide applications because of their compactness, reliability,… …
50Integrated circuit — Silicon chip redirects here. For the electronics magazine, see Silicon Chip. Integrated circuit from an EPROM memory microchip showing the memory blocks, the supporting circuitry and the fine silver wires which connect the integrated circuit die… …
