spring mechanization
111publishing, history of — Introduction an account of the selection, preparation, and marketing of printed matter from its origins in ancient times to the present. The activity has grown from small beginnings into a vast and complex industry responsible for the… …
112Western architecture — Introduction history of Western architecture from prehistoric Mediterranean cultures to the present. The history of Western architecture is marked by a series of new solutions to structural problems. During the period from the… …
113Matilda II — Matilda tank redirects here. For the earlier Infantry Tank, see Matilda I (tank). This article is about the tank. For the person, see Matilda II of Boulogne. Infantry Tank Mark II …
114LODZ — (Yid. Lodskh; Ger. Litzmanstadt), city in central Poland, center of the textile industry. In 1793 there were 11 Jews in Lodz; by 1809 (when the city was under Prussian rule) the number had risen to 98. A community was organized at that time and a …
115Bureaucracy — is the structure and set of regulations in place to control activity, usually in large organizations and government. As opposed to adhocracy, it is represented by standardized procedure (rule following) that dictates the execution of most or all… …
116Gulag — For other uses, see Gulag (disambiguation). The integrated map of the Gulag camps, which existed from 1923 to 1961, based on data from the Human Rights Society «Memorial» …
117Economy of Iraq — Iraq s economy is dominated by the petroleum sector, which has traditionally provided about 95% of foreign exchange earningsort.gov/iraq/pdf/crs iraq economy.pdf (pdf)] In the 1980s, financial problems caused by massive expenditures in the eight… …
118Petroleum — For other uses, see Petroleum (disambiguation). Proven world oil reserves, 2009 …
119Tycho Brahe — This article is about the astronomer Tycho Brahe. For other uses, see Tycho Brahe (disambiguation). Tycho Ottesen Brahe Born 14 December 1546 Knutstorp Castle, Scania Died 24 October 1601 (age …
120Soils retrogression and degradation — in the French school of pedology are two regressive evolution processes associated with the loss of equilibrium of a stable soil. Retrogression is primarily due to erosion and corresponds to a phenomenon where succession reverts back to pioneer… …
