spontaneous emission noise
11Mamyshev 2R regenerator — The Mamyshev 2R regenerator is an all optical regenerator used in optical communications. In 1998, Pavel V. Mamyshev of Bell Labs proposed and patented the use of the self phase modulation (SPM) for single channel optical pulse reshaping and re… …
12Metastability — A metastable state of weaker bond (1), a transitional saddle configuration (2) and a stable state of stronger bond (3). Metastability (a long lived but not truly indefinite stability) describes the extended duration of certain equilibria acquired …
13Earth exploration — Introduction the investigation of the surface of the Earth and of its interior. By the beginning of the 20th century most of the Earth s surface had been explored, at least superficially, except for the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Today the… …
14Fluorescence lifetime imaging — or FLIM is a powerful tool for producing an image based on the differences in the exponential decay rate of the fluorescence from a fluorescent sample. It can be used as an imaging technique in confocal microscopy, Two photon excitation… …
15Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering — Greek alphabet Αα Alpha Νν Nu Ββ Beta …
16Power scaling — of a laser is increasing its output power without changing the geometry, shape, or principle of operation. Power scalability is considered an important advantage in a laser design.Usually, power scaling requires a more powerful pump source,… …
17analysis — /euh nal euh sis/, n., pl. analyses / seez /. 1. the separating of any material or abstract entity into its constituent elements (opposed to synthesis). 2. this process as a method of studying the nature of something or of determining its… …
18Self-organization — is a process of attraction and repulsion in which the internal organization of a system, normally an open system, increases in complexity without being guided or managed by an outside source. Self organizing systems typically (though not always)… …
19Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy — Coherent anti Stokes Raman spectroscopy, also called Coherent anti Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy (CARS), is a form of spectroscopy used primarily in chemistry, physics and related fields. It is sensitive to the same vibrational signatures… …
20Abiogenesis — Primordial soup redirects here. For the board game, see Primordial Soup (board game). Origin of life redirects here. For views on the origins of life outside the natural sciences, see Creation myth. Pre Cambrian stromatolites in the Siyeh… …
