spirant consonants
51Американская фонетическая транскрипция — Американистическая фонетическая запись, англ. Americanist phonetic notation, или Американский фонетический алфавит, англ. (North) American[ist] Phonetic Alphabet, АФА, APA  система фонетической транскрипции, разработанная… …
52fric|a|tive — «FRIHK uh tihv», adjective, noun. Phonetics. –adj. pronounced by forcing the breath through a narrow opening formed especially by placing the tongue or lips near or against the palate or teeth; spirant. F, v, s, and z are fricative consonants. –n …
53Sound change — includes any processes of language change that affect pronunciation (phonetic change) or sound system structures (phonological change). Sound change can consist of the replacement of one speech sound (or, more generally, one phonetic feature) by… …
54Syriac alphabet — Type Abjad …
55Seconde mutation consonantique — La seconde mutation consonantique est un ensemble de modifications phonétiques qui ont touché les consonnes du vieux haut allemand. Elle intervient après les modifications décrites par les lois de Grimm (qui a aussi découvert cette seconde… …
56Mesoamerican Indian languages — Introduction also called Middle American Indian languages group of languages spoken in an area of the aboriginal New World that includes central and southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, parts of Honduras and Nicaragua, and… …
57Cumbric language — Cumbric Spoken in Southern Scotland, Cumberland, Westmorland parts of Northumberland, Lancashire and possibly North Yorkshire Extinct 11th–12th century[1] …
58Himiko — was an obscure shaman queen of Yamataikoku in ancient Wa (Japan). Early Chinese dynastic Twenty Four Histories chronicle tributary relations between Queen Himiko and the Cao Wei Kingdom (220 265 AD), and record that the Yayoi period people chose… …
59West Frisian language — language name=West Frisian nativename=Frysk states=NED region=flag|Friesland flag|Groningen speakers=360,000–700,000 familycolor=Indo European fam2=Germanic fam3=West Germanic fam4=Anglo Frisian fam5=Frisian nation=Netherlands agency=Fryske… …
60Dutch (ethnic group) — Infobox Ethnic group group=The Dutch (Nederlanders) Dutch people talking on the street poptime= 20 million 31.5 million(Blue → Dutch born) (Green → Reported ancestry) region1 = flagcountry|Netherlands pop1 = 13,186,600 (Ethnic Dutch)… …
