spherical coordinates
21Spherical Earth — Medieval artistic representation of a spherical Earth with compartments representing earth, air, and water (c. 1400). The concept of a spherical Earth dates back to ancient Greek philosophy from around the 6th century BC …
22spherical coordinate — noun Date: circa 1864 one of three coordinates that are used to locate a point in space and that comprise the radius of the sphere on which the point lies in a system of concentric spheres, the angle formed by the point, the center, and a given… …
23spherical coordinate — noun : any of three coordinates in space two being obtained by constructing in a plane a polar coordinate system and the third being the angle between this plane and a fixed plane containing the polar axis …
24Curvilinear coordinates — Curvilinear, affine, and Cartesian coordinates in two dimensional space Curvilinear coordinates are a coordinate system for Euclidean space in which the coordinate lines may be curved. These coordinates may be derived from a set of Cartesian… …
25Gullstrand-Painlevé coordinates — GullStrand Painlevé (GP) coordinates were proposed by Paul Painlevé [Paul Painlevé, “La mécanique classique et la théorie de la relativité”, C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 173, 677–680 (1921). ] and Allvar Gullstrand [Allvar Gullstrand, “Allgemeine… …
26Oblate spheroidal coordinates — Figure 1: Coordinate isosurfaces for a point P (shown as a black sphere) in oblate spheroidal coordinates (μ, ν, φ). The z axis is vertical, and the foci are at ±2. The red oblate spheroid (flattened sphere) corresponds to μ=1, whereas the blue… …
27Orthogonal coordinates — In mathematics, orthogonal coordinates are defined as a set of d coordinates q = (q1, q2, ..., qd) in which the coordinate surfaces all meet at right angles (note: superscripts are indices, not exponents). A coordinate surface for a particular… …
28Normal coordinates — In differential geometry, normal coordinates at a point p in a differentiable manifold equipped with a symmetric affine connection are a local coordinate system in a neighborhood of p obtained by applying the exponential map to the tangent space… …
29Vector spherical harmonics — In mathematics, vector spherical harmonics (VSH) are an extension of the scalar spherical harmonics for the use with vector fields.DefinitionSeveral conventions have been used to define the VSH [R.G. Barrera, G.A. Estévez and J. Giraldo, Vector… …
30Conical coordinates — Coordinate surfaces of the conical coordinates. The constants b and c were chosen as 1 and 2, respectively. The red sphere represents r=2, the blue elliptic cone aligned with the vertical z axis represents μ=cosh(1) and the yellow elliptic cone… …
