simple circulation of commodities

  • 81Egypt, ancient — Introduction  civilization in northeastern Africa dating from the 3rd millennium BC. Its many achievements, preserved in its art and monuments, hold a fascination that continues to grow as archaeological finds expose its secrets. This article… …

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  • 82Economy of the United States — Economy of United States Rank 1st (nominal) / 1st (PPP) Currency US$ (USD) …

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  • 83Automated teller machine — cash machine redirects here. For the Hard Fi song, see Cash Machine. An NCR Personas 75 Series interior, multi function ATM in the United States …

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  • 84History of capitalism — The history of capitalism dates back to early forms of merchant capitalism practiced in the Middle East and Western Europe during the Middle Ages, though many economic historians consider the Netherlands as the first thoroughly capitalist country …

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  • 85Economic history of the Ottoman Empire — covers the period 1299 1923. The economic history falls into two distinctive sub periods.Fact|date=July 2008 The first is the classic era (enlargement), which comprised a closed agricultural economy, showing regional distinctions within the… …

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  • 86coal mining — Coal was very important in the economic development of Britain. It was used as fuel in the factories built during the Industrial Revolution and continued to be important until the 1980s. The main coalfields are in north east England, the north… …

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  • 87Athens — /ath inz/, n. 1. Greek, Athenai. a city in and the capital of Greece, in the SE part. 885,136. 2. Greater, a metropolitan area comprising the city of Athens, Piraeus, and several residential suburbs. 2,530,000. 3. a city in N Georgia. 42,549. 4.… …

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  • 88Austria — Austrian, adj., n. /aw stree euh/, n. a republic in central Europe. 8,054,078; 32,381 sq. mi. (83,865 sq. km). Cap.: Vienna. German, Österreich. * * * Austria Introduction Austria Background: Once the center of power for the large Austro… …

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  • 89Croatia — /kroh ay sheuh, shee euh/, n. a republic in SE Europe: includes the historical regions of Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia; formerly a part of Yugoslavia. 5,026,995, 21,835 sq. mi. (56,555 sq. km) Cap.: Zagreb. Serbo Croatian, Hrvatska. * * *… …

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  • 90Eritrea — Eritrean, adj., n. /er i tree euh/; It. /e rddee trdde ah/, n. a republic in NE Africa, on the Red Sea: Italian colony 1890 1941; province of Ethiopia 1962 93; independent since 1993. 3,589,687; 47,076 sq. mi. (121,927 sq. km). Cap.: Asmara. * *… …

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