semiofficial
101CARP, HORIA — (Jehoshua; 1869–1943), Romanian journalist. Born in Harlau, Carp received a medical degree from the University of Jassy. He became a member of the Zionist movement as a youth and from 1901 to 1904 edited the Romanian language weekly Mevaseret… …
102CHURCH, CATHOLIC — Under the Roman Empire While a Catholic (i.e., universal ) Church came into being only at the Council of Nicaea in 325, a unified interpretation of the new religion of christianity had begun to emerge during the three preceding centuries, and… …
103DRIVER, SAMUEL ROLLES° — (1846–1914), Bible scholar and Hebraist; from 1883 Regius Professor of Hebrew at Oxford. Driver s chief work, An Introduction to the Literature of the Old Testament, appeared in 1891 (19139). Among his early publications was A Treatise on the… …
104GOLITSYN, COUNT NIKOLAI NIKOLAYEVICH° — (1836–1893), Russian author and government official. While holding governmental positions in the pale of settlement , and as editor of the semiofficial newspaper Varshavskiy Dnevnik, Golitsyn undertook an inquiry into the Jewish problem in Russia …
105GOODMAN, ARNOLD ABRAHAM, LORD — (1913–1995), British lawyer and legal advisor. Goodman was born in London to middle class, middle of the road Orthodox parents and had a brilliant career at Cambridge and in his law studies. He was created a Life Peer in 1965. Lord Goodman was… …
106GUENZBURG — GUENZBURG, distinguished Russian family of bankers, philanthropists, and communal workers, of whom three generations were active during the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries in Russia and Paris. They gained a place in modern Jewish …
107LEWIN, JUDAH LEIB — (1894–1971), Russian rabbi. Born in Yekaterinoslav, where his father, Eliezer Shemuel, was rabbi, Lewin studied at the Slobodka yeshivah. During World War I he became rabbi of the Ukrainian town Grishino (now Krasnoarmeisk, Ukraine), and later,… …
108ORIENTAL LITERATURE — In the vast area between Morocco and the Pacific, Jewish writers were mainly active in areas of Islamic culture; this survey is mainly concerned with the Middle East. Writers in the Arab World Few Jewish writers gained a place in the history of …
109SAINT PETERSBURG — (Petrograd from 1914 to 1924; Leningrad from 1924 to 1992), capital of Russia until 1918, now in the Russian Federation; industrial city and major port on the Baltic Sea. Some apostates or Marranos appeared in St. Petersburg soon after its… …
110SELIḤOT — (Heb. סְלִיחוֹת). The word seliḥah means forgiveness, and in the singular is used to indicate a piyyut whose subject is a plea for forgiveness for sins. In the plural, the word is used for a special order of service consisting of non statutory… …
