sampling introduction
91Kalman filter — Roles of the variables in the Kalman filter. (Larger image here) In statistics, the Kalman filter is a mathematical method named after Rudolf E. Kálmán. Its purpose is to use measurements observed over time, containing noise (random variations)… …
92Fourier optics — is the study of classical optics using techniques involving Fourier transforms and can be seen as an extension of the Huygens Fresnel principle. The underlying theorem that light waves can be described as made up of sinusoidal waves, in a manner… …
93Sediment Profile Imagery — (SPI) is an underwater technique for photographing the interface between the seabed and the overlying water. The technique is used to measure or estimate biological, chemical, and physical processes occurring in the first few centimetres of… …
94Stereology — (from Greek stereos = solid) was originally defined as the spatial interpretation of sections . It is an interdisciplinary field that is largely concerned with the three dimensional interpretation of planar sections of materials or tissues. It… …
95probability and statistics — ▪ mathematics Introduction the branches of mathematics concerned with the laws governing random events, including the collection, analysis, interpretation, and display of numerical data. Probability has its origin in the study of gambling… …
96Microscopy — is the technical field of using microscopes to view samples and objects that cannot be seen with the unaided eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye). There are three well known branches of microscopy, optical,… …
97Experiment — Experimental redirects here. For the musical classification, see Experimental music. For other uses, see Experiment (disambiguation). Even very young children perform rudimentary experiments in order to learn about the world. An experiment is a… …
98Time series — Time series: random data plus trend, with best fit line and different smoothings In statistics, signal processing, econometrics and mathematical finance, a time series is a sequence of data points, measured typically at successive times spaced at …
99Hip hop — This article is about the cultural movement. For the music genre, see Hip hop music. For other uses, see Hip hop (disambiguation). Graffiti of hip hop in Eugene, Oregon Hip hop is a form of musical expression and artistic culture that originated… …
100Coalescent theory — Contents 1 Theory 1.1 Time to coalescence 1.2 Neutral variation …
