saddle-point problem
11Morse theory — Morse function redirects here. In another context, a Morse function can also mean an anharmonic oscillator: see Morse potential In differential topology, the techniques of Morse theory give a very direct way of analyzing the topology of a… …
12Mathematical optimization — For other uses, see Optimization (disambiguation). The maximum of a paraboloid (red dot) In mathematics, computational science, or management science, mathematical optimization (alternatively, optimization or mathematical programming) refers to… …
13Optimization (mathematics) — In mathematics, the term optimization, or mathematical programming, refers to the study of problems in which one seeks to minimize or maximize a real function by systematically choosing the values of real or integer variables from within an… …
14Newton's method in optimization — A comparison of gradient descent (green) and Newton s method (red) for minimizing a function (with small step sizes). Newton s method uses curvature information to take a more direct route. In mathematics, Newton s method is an iterative method… …
15Second partial derivative test — In mathematics, the second partial derivatives test is a method in multivariable calculus used to determine if a critical point ( x , y ) is a minimum, maximum or saddle point.Suppose that :M = f {xx}(a,b)f {yy}(a,b) left( f {xy}(a,b) ight)^2 or… …
16Hamilton's principle — In physics, Hamilton s principle is William Rowan Hamilton s formulation of the principle of stationary action (see that article for historical formulations). It states that the dynamics of a physical system is determined by a variational problem …
17Lagrange multipliers — In mathematical optimization problems, the method of Lagrange multipliers, named after Joseph Louis Lagrange, is a method for finding the extrema of a function of several variables subject to one or more constraints; it is the basic tool in… …
18Gear — For the gear like device used to drive a roller chain, see Sprocket. This article is about mechanical gears. For other uses, see Gear (disambiguation). Two meshing gears transmitting rotational motion. Note that the smaller gear is rotating… …
19Expectation-maximization algorithm — An expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is used in statistics for finding maximum likelihood estimates of parameters in probabilistic models, where the model depends on unobserved latent variables. EM alternates between performing an… …
20Constrained optimization and Lagrange multipliers — This tutorial presents an introduction to optimization problems that involve finding a maximum or a minimum value of an objective function f(x 1,x 2,ldots, x n) subject to a constraint of the form g(x 1,x 2,ldots, x n)=k.Maximum and… …
