reversal of beams
1photography, technology of — Introduction equipment, techniques, and processes used in the production of photographs. The most widely used photographic process is the black and white negative–positive system (Figure 1 >). In the camera the lens projects an image of… …
2Nonlinear optics — (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behaviour of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the dielectric polarization P responds nonlinearly to the electric field E of the light. This nonlinearity is typically only observed… …
3electromagnetic radiation — Physics. radiation consisting of electromagnetic waves, including radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x rays, and gamma rays. [1950 55] * * * Energy propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of… …
4Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
5holography — /heuh log reuh fee/, n. the process or technique of making holograms. [1795 1805; HOLO + GRAPHY] * * * Method of recording or reproducing a three dimensional image, or hologram, by means of a pattern of interference produced using a laser beam.… …
6physics — /fiz iks/, n. (used with a sing. v.) the science that deals with matter, energy, motion, and force. [1580 90; see PHYSIC, ICS] * * * I Science that deals with the structure of matter and the interactions between the fundamental constituents of… …
7Business and Industry Review — ▪ 1999 Introduction Overview Annual Average Rates of Growth of Manufacturing Output, 1980 97, Table Pattern of Output, 1994 97, Table Index Numbers of Production, Employment, and Productivity in Manufacturing Industries, Table (For Annual… …
8Invincible Steel Man Daitarn 3 — Logo from show opening 無敵鋼人ダイターン3 (Muteki Kōjin Daitarn 3) Genre …
9optics — /op tiks/, n. (used with a sing. v.) the branch of physical science that deals with the properties and phenomena of both visible and invisible light and with vision. [1605 15; < ML optica < Gk optiká, n. use of neut. pl. of OPTIKÓS; see OPTIC,… …
10Earth Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Geology and Geochemistry The theme of the 33rd International Geological Congress, which was held in Norway in August 2008, was “Earth System Science: Foundation for Sustainable Development.” It was attended by nearly… …
