reference probe
81PH meter — A pH meter is an electronic instrument used to measure the pH (acidity or alkalinity) of a liquid (though special probes are sometimes used to measure the pH of semi solid substances). A typical pH meter consists of a special measuring probe (a… …
82Plasma diagnostics — are experimental techniques used to measure properties of a plasma such as temperature and density. Langmuir probe Measurements with electric probes, called Langmuir probes, are the oldest and most often used procedures for low temperature… …
83Chang'e 1 — Operator China National Space Administration (CNSA) Mission type Orbiter / impactor Satellite of …
84Photoconductive atomic force microscopy — (pc AFM) is a scientific technique.. Multi layer photovoltaic cells have gained popularity since mid 1980s.[1] At the time, research was primarily focused on single layer photovoltaic (PV) devices between two electrodes, in which PV properties… …
85Cosmic microwave background radiation — CMB and Cosmic background radiation redirect here. For other uses see CMB (disambiguation) and Cosmic background (disambiguation). Physical cosmology …
86Neutrino — For other uses, see Neutrino (disambiguation). Neutrino/Antineutrino The first use of a hydrogen bubble chamber to detect neutrinos, on November 13, 1970. A neutrino hit a proton in a hydrogen atom. The collision occurred at the point where three …
87Mariner 2 — Operator NASA Major contractors Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mission type Flyby …
883D scanner — A 3D scanner is a device that analyzes a real world object or environment to collect data on its shape and possibly its appearance (i.e. color). The collected data can then be used to construct digital, three dimensional models useful for a wide… …
89Earth governments (Star Trek) — In the fictional Star Trek universe, several political organisations take power over part or all of Earth. Most of these Earth governments are only mentioned in passing once or twice, and little is known of their history, geography, and politics …
90Feature-oriented positioning — (FOP)[1][2] is a method of precise movement of the scanning microscope probe across the surface under investigation. With this method, surface features (objects) are used as reference points for microscope probe attachment. Actually, FOP is a… …
