quotient manifold
51Exotic sphere — In differential topology, a mathematical discipline, an exotic sphere is a differentiable manifold M that is homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the standard Euclidean n sphere. That is, M is a sphere from the point of view of all its… …
52Exterior algebra — In mathematics, the exterior product or wedge product of vectors is an algebraic construction generalizing certain features of the cross product to higher dimensions. Like the cross product, and the scalar triple product, the exterior product of… …
53Torus — Not to be confused with Taurus (disambiguation). This article is about the surface and mathematical concept of a torus. For other uses, see Torus (disambiguation). A torus As the distance to th …
54BRST quantization — In theoretical physics, BRST quantization (where the BRST refers to Becchi, Rouet, Stora and Tyutin) is a relatively rigorous mathematical approach to quantizing a field theory with a gauge symmetry. Quantization rules in earlier QFT frameworks… …
55Poincaré duality — In mathematics, the Poincaré duality theorem, named after Henri Poincaré, is a basic result on the structure of the homology and cohomology groups of manifolds. It states that if M is an n dimensional compact oriented manifold, then the k th… …
56Bass–Serre theory — is a part of the mathematical subject of group theory that deals with analyzing the algebraic structure of groups acting by automorphisms on simplicial trees. The theory relates group actions on trees with decomposing groups as iterated… …
57Covering group — This article is about topological covering group. For algebraic covering group, see universal perfect central extension. In mathematics, a covering group of a topological group H is a covering space G of H such that G is a topological group and… …
58Non-linear sigma model — In quantum field theory, a nonlinear σ model describes a scalar field Σ which takes on values in a nonlinear manifold called the target manifold T. The target manifold is equipped with a Riemannian metric g. Σ is a differentiable map from… …
59Whitehead torsion — In mathematics, Whitehead torsion is an invariant of an h cobordism in a Whitehead group, that is important in simple homotopy theory and surgery theory. It is named for J. H. C. Whitehead.Whitehead torsionSuppose that W is an h cobordism from M… …
60analysis — /euh nal euh sis/, n., pl. analyses / seez /. 1. the separating of any material or abstract entity into its constituent elements (opposed to synthesis). 2. this process as a method of studying the nature of something or of determining its… …
