quadratic estimate
51Standard deviation — In probability and statistics, the standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion of a collection of values. It can apply to a probability distribution, a random variable, a population or a data set. The standard deviation is usually denoted… …
52Kloosterman sum — In mathematics, a Kloosterman sum is a particular kind of exponential sum. Let a , b , m be natural numbers. Then :K(a,b;m)=sum {0leq xleq m 1, gcd(x,m)=1 } e^{2pi i (ax+bx^*)/m},Here x* is the inverse of x modulo m . They are named for the Dutch …
53Lenstra elliptic curve factorization — The Lenstra elliptic curve factorization or the elliptic curve factorization method (ECM) is a fast, sub exponential running time algorithm for integer factorization which employs elliptic curves. Technically, the ECM is classified as a… …
54Rotation matrix — In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example the matrix rotates points in the xy Cartesian plane counterclockwise through an angle θ about the origin of the Cartesian… …
55Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm — In mathematics and computing, the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA)[1] provides a numerical solution to the problem of minimizing a function, generally nonlinear, over a space of parameters of the function. These minimization problems arise… …
56List of mathematics articles (S) — NOTOC S S duality S matrix S plane S transform S unit S.O.S. Mathematics SA subgroup Saccheri quadrilateral Sacks spiral Sacred geometry Saddle node bifurcation Saddle point Saddle surface Sadleirian Professor of Pure Mathematics Safe prime Safe… …
57Kantorovich theorem — The Kantorovich theorem is a mathematical statement on the convergence of Newton s method. It was first stated by Leonid Kantorovich in 1940. Newton s method constructs a sequence of points that with good luck will converge to a solution x of an… …
58Davidon–Fletcher–Powell formula — The Davidon–Fletcher–Powell formula (or DFP; named after William C. Davidon, Roger Fletcher, and Michael J. D. Powell) finds the solution to the secant equation that is closest to the current estimate and satisfies the curvature condition (see… …
59Correlation — In probability theory and statistics, correlation, (often measured as a correlation coefficient), indicates the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two random variables. In general statistical usage, correlation or co relation …
60Technicolor (physics) — Beyond the Standard Model Standard Model …
