pre-petrine
11Grand duchy — A grand duchy is a territory whose head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess.The only grand duchy in existence today is Luxembourg. It has been a grand duchy since 1815 when the Netherlands became an independent kingdom and Luxembourg was… …
12Tver — ( ru. Тверь) is a city in Russia, the administrative center of Tver Oblast. Population: 405,500 (2007 est.); 408,903 (2002 Census). Tver was formerly the capital of a powerful medieval state and a model provincial town in Imperial Russia with… …
13Vladimir Oblast — Infobox Russian federal subject EnglishName=Vladimir Oblast RussianName=Владимирская область Locator LocatorMap CoatOfArmsLink= FlagLink= AnthemLink= None AdmCtrOrCapital=Administrative center AdmCtrName=Vladimir FoundationDate=… …
14Slavophile — A Slavophile is an intellectual movement originating from 19th century that wanted the Russian Empire to be developed upon values and institutions derived from its early history. Slavophiles were especially opposed to Western European culture and …
15Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie — Jacques Joachim Trotti Jacques Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie (3 October 1705 – 1 January 1759) was a French diplomat who engineered the coup d etat that brought Elizaveta Petrovna to the Russian throne in 1741. In the course of his… …
16Friedrich von Adelung — (born February 25, 1768 in Stettin – died January 30, 1843 in Saint Petersburg) was a German Russian linguist, historian and bibliographer. His best known works are in the fields of bibliography of Sanskrit language and the European accounts of… …
17Полонизм — (от лат. polonus  польский)  слово или выражение, заимствованное из польского языка или составленное по его образцу. В русский язык полонизмы начинают проникать в больших количествах с XVI XVII вв., в том числе через посредство… …
18Slavophile — Slavophilism /sleuh vof euh liz euhm, slah veuh fil iz euhm, slav euh /, n. /slah veuh fuyl , fil, slav euh /, n. 1. a person who greatly admires the Slavs and Slavic ways. 2. one of a group of mid 19th century Russian intellectuals who favored… …
19Roman Catholicism — the faith, practice, and system of government of the Roman Catholic Church. [1815 25] * * * Largest single Christian denomination in the world, with some one billion members, or about 18% of the world s population. The Roman Catholic church has… …
20Christianity — /kris chee an i tee/, n., pl. Christianities. 1. the Christian religion, including the Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox churches. 2. Christian beliefs or practices; Christian quality or character: Christianity mixed with pagan elements; …
