pareto efficiency
71Utility — This article is about the economic concept. For other uses, see Utility (disambiguation). Part of a series on Utilitarianism …
72Cooperative game — This article is about a part of game theory. For video gaming, see Cooperative gameplay. For the similar feature in some board games, see cooperative board game In game theory, a cooperative game is a game where groups of players ( coalitions )… …
73Cheap talk — In game theory, cheap talk is communication between players which does not directly affect the payoffs of the game. This is in contrast to signaling in which sending certain messages may be costly for the sender depending on the state of the… …
74Common knowledge (logic) — For common knowledge in general, see Common knowledge. Common knowledge is a special kind of knowledge for a group of agents. There is common knowledge of p in a group of agents G when all the agents in G know p, they all know that they know p,… …
75Core (economics) — The core is the set of feasible allocations that cannot be improved upon by a subset (a coalition ) of the economy s consumers. A coalition is said to improve upon or block a feasible allocation if the members of that coalition are better off… …
76Partial equilibrium — A partial equilibrium is a type of economic equilibrium, where the clearance on the market of some specific goods is obtained independently from prices and quantities demanded and supplied in other markets. In other words, the prices of all… …
77Justice (economics) — Just in many usages, including economic ones, may express ethical acceptance of some possible social state(s) against which other possible social states are measured. By contrast, the usage of justice in economics is as a subcategory of welfare… …
78Instant-runoff voting — Example instant runoff voting ballot …
79Minimax — This article is about the decision theory concept. For other uses, see Minimax (disambiguation). Minimax (sometimes minmax) is a decision rule used in decision theory, game theory, statistics and philosophy for minimizing the possible loss for a… …
80Mathematical model — Not to be confused with the same term that is used in model theory, a branch of mathematical logic. An artifact that is used to illustrate a mathematical idea may also be called a mathematical model, the usage of which is the reverse of the sense …
