overcoming the earth gravitational force

  • 1subatomic particle — or elementary particle Any of various self contained units of matter or energy. Discovery of the electron in 1897 and of the atomic nucleus in 1911 established that the atom is actually a composite of a cloud of electrons surrounding a tiny but… …

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  • 2Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …

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  • 3spaceflight — /spays fluyt /, n. the flying of manned or unmanned spacecraft into or in outer space. Also, space flight. [1945 50; SPACE + FLIGHT1] * * * Introduction  flight beyond Earth s atmosphere. This article deals with the basic concepts associated with …

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  • 4Gravity turn — A gravity turn or zero lift turn is a maneuver (see trajectory optimization) used in launching a spacecraft into, or descending from, an orbit around a celestial body such as a planet or a moon. This launch trajectory offers two main advantages… …

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  • 5technology, history of — Introduction       the development over time of systematic techniques for making and doing things. The term technology, a combination of the Greek technē, “art, craft,” with logos, “word, speech,” meant in Greece a discourse on the arts, both… …

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  • 6Nuclear binding energy — is the energy required to split a nucleus of an atom into its component parts. The component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons. If the binding energy for the products is higher when light nuclei fuse, or when… …

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  • 7rocket and missile system — ▪ weapons system Introduction       any of a variety of weapons systems that deliver explosive warheads to their targets by means of rocket propulsion.       Rocket is a general term used broadly to describe a variety of jet propelled missiles… …

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  • 8chemical element — Introduction also called  element,         any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes. Elements are the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed.       This article considers the… …

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  • 9Space exploration — is the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. [cite web | url = http://adc.gsfc.nasa.gov/adc/education/space ex/exploration.html | title = How Space is Explored | publisher = NASA] Physical exploration of space is conducted …

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  • 10Earthquake engineering — is the study of the behavior of buildings and structures subject to seismic loading. It is a subset of both structural and civil engineering.The main objectives of earthquake engineering are: * Understand the interaction between buildings or… …

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