optical-contact bond
11Force spectroscopy — is a dynamic analytical technique that allows the study of the mechanical properties of single polymer molecules or proteins, or individual chemical bonds. It is performed by pulling on the system under scrutiny with controlled forces. As a… …
12chemistry — /kem euh stree/, n., pl. chemistries. 1. the science that deals with the composition and properties of substances and various elementary forms of matter. Cf. element (def. 2). 2. chemical properties, reactions, phenomena, etc.: the chemistry of… …
13japan — japanner, n. /jeuh pan /, n., adj., v., japanned, japanning. n. 1. any of various hard, durable, black varnishes, originally from Japan, for coating wood, metal, or other surfaces. 2. work varnished and figured in the Japanese manner. 3. Japans,… …
14Japan — /jeuh pan /, n. 1. a constitutional monarchy on a chain of islands off the E coast of Asia: main islands, Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku. 125,716,637; 141,529 sq. mi. (366,560 sq. km). Cap.: Tokyo. Japanese, Nihon, Nippon. 2. Sea of, the… …
15Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
16Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan — Theatrical poster art by Bob Peak Directed by Nicholas Meyer …
17Laserdisc — Not to be confused with disk laser, a flat configuration solid state laser. Not to be confused with VCD, DVD, or Blu ray, optical disc formats employing digital video encoding. Not to be confused with CED, a coincident but incompatible analogue… …
18papermaking — [pā′pər māk΄iŋ] n. the making of paper papermaker n. * * * pa·per·mak·ing (pāʹpər mā kĭng) n. The process or craft of making paper. paʹper·mak er n. * * * Introduction formation of a matted or felted sheet, usually of cellulose fibres,… …
19Transparency and translucency — Diaphanes redirects here. For the genus of firefly, see Diaphanes (beetle). Translucence redirects here. For other uses, see Translucence (disambiguation). Translucent redirects here. For the Japanese manga series, see Translucent (manga).… …
20Atomic force microscope — The atomic force microscope (AFM) or scanning force microscope (SFM) is a very high resolution type of scanning probe microscope, with demonstrated resolution of fractions of a nanometer, more than 1000 times better than the optical diffraction… …
