numerical identification
41Joseph Smagorinsky — Infobox Scientist name = Joseph Smagorinsky image width = 200px caption = Joseph Smagorinsky birth date = birth date|1924|1|29 birth place = New York City death date = death date and age|2005|9|21|1924|1|29 death place = Hillsborough, NJ, USA… …
42Algorithm — Flow chart of an algorithm (Euclid s algorithm) for calculating the greatest common divisor (g.c.d.) of two numbers a and b in locations named A and B. The algorithm proceeds by successive subtractions in two loops: IF the test B ≤ A yields yes… …
43Nonlinear regression — See Michaelis Menten kinetics for details In statistics, nonlinear regression is a form of regression analysis in which observational data are modeled by a function which is a nonlinear combination of the model parameters and depends on one or… …
44PROVERBS, BOOK OF — (Heb. סֵפֶר מִשְׁלֵי, Sefer Mishlei), one of the three wisdom books of the Hagiographa, representing the affirmative and didactic element in wisdom (ḥokhmah), in contrast to the radical questioning of Job and Ecclesiastes. In its present form the …
45Model predictive control — Model Predictive Control, or MPC, is an advanced method of process control that has been in use in the process industries such as chemical plants and oil refineries since the 1980s. Model predictive controllers rely on dynamic models of the… …
46Linear least squares (mathematics) — This article is about the mathematics that underlie curve fitting using linear least squares. For statistical regression analysis using least squares, see linear regression. For linear regression on a single variable, see simple linear regression …
47Minimum message length — (MML) is a formal information theory restatement of Occam s Razor: even when models are not equal in goodness of fit accuracy to the observed data, the one generating the shortest overall message is more likely to be correct (where the message… …
48Minimum description length — The minimum description length (MDL) principle is a formalization of Occam s Razor in which the best hypothesis for a given set of data is the one that leads to the best compression of the data. MDL was introduced by Jorma Rissanen in 1978. It is …
49Deviance (statistics) — In statistics, deviance is a quality of fit statistic for a model that is often used for statistical hypothesis testing. The deviance for a model M0 is defined as Here denotes the fitted values of the parameters in the model M0, while denotes the …
50Errors and residuals in statistics — For other senses of the word residual , see Residual. In statistics and optimization, statistical errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of a sample from its theoretical value . The error of a… …
