number-theoretic formula
41Silver ratio — The silver ratio is a mathematical constant. Its name is an allusion to the golden ratio; analogously to the way the golden ratio is the limiting ratio of consecutive Fibonacci numbers, the silver ratio is the limiting ratio of consecutive Pell… …
42Discrete logarithm — In mathematics, specifically in abstract algebra and its applications, discrete logarithms are group theoretic analogues of ordinary logarithms. In particular, an ordinary logarithm loga(b) is a solution of the equation ax = b over the… …
43Fourier analysis — In mathematics, Fourier analysis is a subject area which grew out of the study of Fourier series. The subject began with trying to understand when it was possible to represent general functions by sums of simpler trigonometric functions. The… …
44Sieve of Eratosthenes — Sieve of Eratosthenes: algorithm steps for primes below 121 (including optimization of starting from prime s square). In mathematics, the sieve of Eratosthenes (Greek: κόσκινον Ἐρατοσθένους), one of a number of prime number sieves, is a simple,… …
45Multiplicative function — Outside number theory, the term multiplicative function is usually used for completely multiplicative functions. This article discusses number theoretic multiplicative functions. In number theory, a multiplicative function is an arithmetic… …
46Arithmetic derivative — In number theory, the arithmetic derivative, or number derivative, is a function defined for integers, based on prime factorization, by analogy with the product rule for the derivative of a function that is used in mathematical analysis. Contents …
47Plimpton 322 — Of the approximately half million Babylonian clay tablets excavated since the beginning of the 19th century, several thousand are of a mathematical nature. Probably the most famous of these examples of Babylonian mathematics is the tablet called… …
48Pierre de Fermat — Born August 17, 1601( …
49Artin reciprocity law — The Artin reciprocity law, established by Emil Artin in a series of papers (1924; 1927; 1930), is a general theorem in number theory that forms a central part of the global class field theory.[1] The term reciprocity law refers to a long line of… …
50Langlands–Deligne local constant — In mathematics, the Langlands–Deligne local constant (or local Artin root number un to an elementary function of s) is an elementary function associated with a representation of the Weil group of a local field. The functional equation L(ρ,s) =… …
