nonnegative element
41Fortran language features — This is a comprehensive overview of features of the Fortran 95 language, the version supported by almost all existing Fortran compilers. Old features that have been superseded by new ones are not described few of those historic features are used… …
42Subset sum problem — In computer science, the subset sum problem is an important problem in complexity theory and cryptography. The problem is this: given a set of integers, does the sum of some non empty subset equal exactly zero? For example, given the set { −7, −3 …
43Set notation — Sets are fundamental objects in mathematics. Intuitively, a set is merely a collection of elements or members . There are various conventions for textually denoting sets. In any particular situation, an author typically chooses from among these… …
44Permutation matrix — In mathematics, in matrix theory, a permutation matrix is a square (0,1) matrix that has exactly one entry 1 in each row and each column and 0 s elsewhere. Each such matrix represents a specific permutation of m elements and, when used to… …
45Trigonometry in Galois fields — In mathematics, the theory of quadratic extensions of finite fields supports analogies with trigonometry.The main motivation to deal with a finite field trigonometry is the power of the discrete transforms, which play an important role in… …
46algebra — /al jeuh breuh/, n. 1. the branch of mathematics that deals with general statements of relations, utilizing letters and other symbols to represent specific sets of numbers, values, vectors, etc., in the description of such relations. 2. any of… …
47Quasigroup — In mathematics, especially in abstract algebra, a quasigroup is an algebraic structure resembling a group in the sense that division is always possible. Quasigroups differ from groups mainly in that they need not be associative. A quasigroup with …
48Kleene algebra — In mathematics, a Kleene algebra (named after Stephen Cole Kleene, IPAEng|ˈkleɪni as in clay knee ) is either of two different things:* A bounded distributive lattice with an involution satisfying De Morgan s laws, and the inequality x ∧− x ≤ y… …
49p-group — Not to be confused with n group. In mathematics, given a prime number p, a p group is a periodic group in which each element has a power of p as its order: each element is of prime power order. That is, for each element g of the group, there… …
50Pascal's triangle — The first six rows of Pascal s triangle In mathematics, Pascal s triangle is a triangular array of the binomial coefficients in a triangle. It is named after the French mathematician, Blaise Pascal. It is known as Pascal s triangle in much of the …
