nonnegative
51Quantum computer — A quantum computer is a device for computation that makes direct use of distinctively quantum mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. In a classical (or conventional) computer, information is… …
52Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem — Fig.1: Hypothetical spectrum of a bandlimited signal as a function of frequency The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, after Harry Nyquist and Claude Shannon, is a fundamental result in the field of information theory, in particular… …
53Continued fraction — Finite continued fraction, where a0 is an integer, any other ai are positive integers, and n is a non negative integer. In mathematics, a continued fraction is an expression obtained through an iterative process of representing a number as the… …
54Busy beaver — In computability theory, a busy beaver (from the colloquial expression for an industrious person) is a Turing machine that attains the maximum operational busyness (such as measured by the number of steps performed, or the number of nonblank… …
55Fermat number — In mathematics, a Fermat number, named after Pierre de Fermat who first studied them, is a positive integer of the form:F {n} = 2^{2^{ overset{n} {} + 1where n is a nonnegative integer. The first nine Fermat numbers are OEIS|id=A000215:As of|2008 …
56Singular value decomposition — Visualization of the SVD of a 2 dimensional, real shearing matrix M. First, we see the unit disc in blue together with the two canonical unit vectors. We then see the action of M, which distorts the disk to an ellipse. The SVD decomposes M into… …
57Covariance matrix — A bivariate Gaussian probability density function centered at (0,0), with covariance matrix [ 1.00, .50 ; .50, 1.00 ] …
58Riemannian geometry — Elliptic geometry is also sometimes called Riemannian geometry. Riemannian geometry is the branch of differential geometry that studies Riemannian manifolds, smooth manifolds with a Riemannian metric , i.e. with an inner product on the tangent… …
59Bézier triangle — A cubic Bézier triangle is a surface with the equation:(alpha s+eta t+gamma u)^3 | 0 le s le 1, 0 le t le 1, 0 le u le 1, s+t+u=1:=egin{matrix} eta^3 t^3 + 3alphaeta^2 st^2 + 3eta^2gamma t^2 u + 3alpha^2eta s^2 t + 6alphaetagamma stu +… …
60Permanent — In linear algebra, the permanent of a matrix is a function of a matrix related to the determinant. The permanent as well as the determinant are polynomials of the entries of the matrix. Definition The permanent of an n by n matrix A = ( a i,j )… …
