network layer
111Physical Layer — NOTOC The Physical Layer is the first level in the seven layer OSI model of computer networking. It translates communications requests from the Data Link Layer into hardware specific operations to affect transmission or reception of electronic… …
112Service layer — In intelligent networks (IN) and cellular networks, service layer is a conceptual layer within a network service provider architecture. It aims at providing middleware that serves third party value added services and applications at a higher… …
113Artificial neural network — An artificial neural network (ANN), usually called neural network (NN), is a mathematical model or computational model that is inspired by the structure and/or functional aspects of biological neural networks. A neural network consists of an… …
114Mobile virtual network operator — A mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) is a company that provides mobile phone services but does not have its own licensed frequency allocation of radio spectrum, nor does it necessarily have all of the infrastructure required to provide mobile …
115Open-access network — An open access network (OAN) refers to a horizontally layered network architecture in telecommunications, and the business model that separates the physical access to the network from the delivery of services. In an OAN, the owner or manager of… …
116Transport Layer Security — (TLS) and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), are cryptographic protocols that provide secure communications on the Internet for such things as web browsing, e mail, Internet faxing, instant messaging and other data transfers. There are… …
117Cellular neural network — Cellular neural networks (CNN) are a parallel computing paradigm similar to neural networks, with the difference that communication is allowed between neighbouring units only. Typical applications include image processing, analyzing 3D surfaces,… …
118Ring network — A ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a circular pathway for signals a ring. Data travels from node to node, with each node handling every packet. Because a ring topology provides… …
119Recurrent neural network — A recurrent neural network (RNN) is a class of neural network where connections between units form a directed cycle. This creates an internal state of the network which allows it to exhibit dynamic temporal behavior.Recurrent neural networks must …
120Link Layer Topology Discovery — (LLTD) is a proprietary Link Layer protocol for network topology discovery and quality of service diagnostics. It was developed by Microsoft as part of the Windows Rally set of technologies. The LLTD protocol operates over both wired (IEEE 802.3… …
