multiplicative
81Product integral — Product integrals are a counterpart of standard integrals of infinitesimal calculus. They were first developed by the mathematician Vito Volterra in 1887 to solve systems of linear differential equations. Since then, product integrals have found… …
82Non-Newtonian calculus — The phrase Non Newtonian calculus used by Grossman and KatzGrossman and Katz. Non Newtonian Calculus , ISBN 0912938013, Lee Press, 1972.] describes a variety of alternatives to the classical calculus of Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz.There… …
83Matrix norm — In mathematics, a matrix norm is a natural extension of the notion of a vector norm to matrices. Contents 1 Definition 2 Induced norm 3 Entrywise norms 3.1 Frobenius norm …
84Localisation (mathématiques) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Localisation. En algèbre, la localisation[1] est une des opérations de base de l algèbre commutative. C est une méthode qui construit à partir d un anneau commutatif un nouvel anneau. La construction du corps des …
85Determinant — This article is about determinants in mathematics. For determinants in epidemiology, see Risk factor. In linear algebra, the determinant is a value associated with a square matrix. It can be computed from the entries of the matrix by a specific… …
86Quadratic residue — In number theory, an integer q is called a quadratic residue modulo n if it is congruent to a perfect square modulo n; i.e., if there exists an integer x such that: Otherwise, q is called a quadratic nonresidue modulo n. Originally an abstract… …
87Formal group — In mathematics, a formal group law is (roughly speaking) a formal power series behaving as if it were the product of a Lie group. They were first defined in 1946 by S. Bochner. The term formal group sometimes means the same as formal group law,… …
88Jia Xian — triangle (Pascal s triangle) using rod numerals, as depicted in a publication of Zhu Shijie in 1303 AD …
89Algèbre (homonymie) — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Le mot « algèbre » vient de l arabe ’al ǧabr (« réduction »), désignant une technique de chirurgie des membres puis une technique de… …
90DIVISIBILITÉ — L’étude élémentaire de la divisibilité dans l’anneau Z des entiers relatifs résulte de l’existence de la division euclidienne qui entraîne que cet anneau est principal. Les propriétés générales des anneaux principaux sont exposées dans l’article… …
