mathematical theory of reliability
41Minimum message length — (MML) is a formal information theory restatement of Occam s Razor: even when models are not equal in goodness of fit accuracy to the observed data, the one generating the shortest overall message is more likely to be correct (where the message… …
42Coefficient of variation — In probability theory and statistics, the coefficient of variation (CV) is a normalized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution. It is also known as unitized risk or the variation coefficient. The absolute value of the CV is sometimes …
43One-Shot Entanglement-Enhanced Classical Communication — In the theory of quantum communication, it is well known that entanglement cannot increase the capacity of a classical communication channel in the sense of Shannon, that is, for an i.i.d. (independent and identically distributed) protocol.… …
44Errors and residuals in statistics — For other senses of the word residual , see Residual. In statistics and optimization, statistical errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of a sample from its theoretical value . The error of a… …
45Formal methods — In computer science and software engineering, formal methods are particular kind of mathematically based techniques for the specification, development and verification of software and hardware systems.cite web|author=R. W. Butler|title=What is… …
46Systemics — is the emerging branch of science that studies holistic systems. It tries to develop logical, mathematical, engineering and philosophical paradigms and frameworks in which physical, technological, biological, social, cognitive and metaphysical… …
47U. Narayan Bhat — is an Indian American mathematician, known for his contributions to queueing theory and reliability theory.He received a B.A. in mathematics (1953) and B.T. in education (1954) from University of Madras, an M.A. in statistics (1958) from Karnatak …
48Least-cost routing — In international voice telecommunications, least cost routing (LCR) is the process that provides customers with cheap telephone calls. Within a telecoms carrier, an LCR team will be choosing routes from between twenty to over one hundred… …
49Nonblocking minimal spanning switch — A substitute for a 16x16 crossbar switch made from 12 4x4 crossbar switches. A nonblocking minimal spanning switch is a device that can connect N inputs to N outputs in any combination. The most familiar use of switches of this type is in a… …
50space exploration — Investigation of the universe beyond Earth s atmosphere by means of manned and unmanned spacecraft. Study of the use of rockets for spaceflight began early in the 20th century. Germany s research on rocket propulsion in the 1930s led to… …
