mathematical theory of optimal processes
31Pontryagin, Lev Semyonovich — ▪ Russian mathematician also spelled Lev Semenovich Pontriagin , or Pontrjagin born September 3, 1908, Moscow died May 3, 1988, Moscow Russian mathematician, noted for contributions to topology, algebra, and dynamical systems.… …
32Kalman filter — Roles of the variables in the Kalman filter. (Larger image here) In statistics, the Kalman filter is a mathematical method named after Rudolf E. Kálmán. Its purpose is to use measurements observed over time, containing noise (random variations)… …
33computer science — computer scientist. the science that deals with the theory and methods of processing information in digital computers, the design of computer hardware and software, and the applications of computers. [1970 75] * * * Study of computers, their… …
34Non-convexity (economics) — In economics, non convexity refers to violations of the convexity assumptions of elementary economics. Basic economics textbooks concentrate on consumers with convex preferences (that do not prefer extremes to in between values) and convex budget …
35Areas of mathematics — Mathematics has become a vastly diverse subject over history, and there is a corresponding need to categorize the different areas of mathematics. A number of different classification schemes have arisen, and though they share some similarities,… …
36operations research — the analysis, usually involving mathematical treatment, of a process, problem, or operation to determine its purpose and effectiveness and to gain maximum efficiency. [1940 45, Amer.] * * * Application of scientific methods to management and… …
37Artificial intelligence — AI redirects here. For other uses, see Ai. For other uses, see Artificial intelligence (disambiguation). TOPIO, a humanoid robot, played table tennis at Tokyo International Robot Exhibition (IREX) 2009.[1] Artificial intelligence ( …
38Vaclav E. Benes — Vaclav Edvard Vic Benes (born 1930) is a Czech American mathematician, known for his contributions to the theory of stochastic processes, queueing theory and control theory, as well as the design of telecommunications switches.He studied under… …
39complexity — /keuhm plek si tee/, n., pl. complexities for 2. 1. the state or quality of being complex; intricacy: the complexity of urban life. 2. something complex: the complexities of foreign policy. [1715 25; COMPLEX + ITY] * * * ▪ scientific theory… …
40Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
