material radiative properties
81Computer cooling — An OEM AMD heatsink mounted onto a motherboard. Computer cooling is required to remove the waste heat produced by computer components, to keep components within their safe operating temperature limits. Various cooling methods help to improve… …
82Cool roof — In the world of industrial and commercial buildings, a cool roof is a roofing system that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the… …
83Megamaser — A megamaser is a type of astrophysical maser, which is a naturally occurring source of stimulated spectral line emission. Megamasers are distinguished from astrophysical masers by their large isotropic luminosity. Megamasers produce roughly 103… …
84Computational electromagnetics — Computational electromagnetics, computational electrodynamics or electromagnetic modeling is the process of modeling the interaction of electromagnetic fields with physical objects and the environment. It typically involves using computationally… …
85Nitrogen-vacancy center — The nitrogen vacancy center (N V center) is one of numerous point defects in diamond. Its most explored and useful property is photoluminescence, which can be easily detected from an individual N V center. Electron spins at N V centers, localized …
86Nitrous oxide — N2O redirects here. For other uses, see N2O (disambiguation). Laughing gas redirects here. For other uses, see Laughing gas (disambiguation). Not to be confused with nitric oxide (formula NO) or nitrogen dioxide (formula NO2). For other uses, see …
87R-value (insulation) — The R value or R value is a measure of thermal resistance (K·m²/W) [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, [http://www.ornl.gov/sci/roofs+walls/insulation/ins 02.html Which Kind Of Insulation Is Best?] , retrieved 2008 07 13.] used in the building and… …
88photochemical reaction — Chemical reaction initiated by absorption of energy in the form of visible (light), ultraviolet, or infrared radiation. Primary photochemical processes occur as an immediate result, and secondary processes may follow. The most important example… …
89Convection — This figure shows a calculation for thermal convection in the Earth s mantle. Colors closer to red are hot areas and colors closer to blue are cold areas. A hot, less dense lower boundary layer sends plumes of hot material upwards, and likewise,… …
90Multi-layer insulation — Closeup of Multi layer insulation from a satellite. The metal coated plastic layers and the scrim separator are visible. Multi layer insulation, or MLI, is thermal insulation composed of multiple layers of thin sheets often used on spacecraft. It …
