mass-energy equation
71Principle of minimum energy — The principle of minimum energy is essentially a restatement of the second law of thermodynamics. It states that for a closed system, with constant external parameters and entropy, the internal energy will decrease and approach a minimum value at …
72Rankine–Hugoniot equation — The Rankine–Hugoniot equation governs the behaviour of shock waves normal to the oncoming flow. It is named after physicists William John Macquorn Rankine and Pierre Henri Hugoniot, French engineer, 1851 1887.The idea is to consider one… …
73Van der Waals equation — The van der Waals equation is an equation of state for a fluid composed of particles that have a non zero size and a pairwise attractive inter particle force (such as the van der Waals force.) It was derived by Johannes Diderik van der Waals in… …
74Iran and weapons of mass destruction — This article is about Iran and weapons of mass destruction. For Iran s nuclear power program, see Nuclear program of Iran. Weapons of mass destruction …
75Gross–Pitaevskii equation — The Gross–Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear model equation for the order parameter or wavefunction of a Bose–Einstein condensate. It is similar in form to the Ginzburg–Landau equation and is sometimes referred to as a nonlinear Schrödinger… …
76Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation — In astrophysics, the Tolman Oppenheimer Volkoff (TOV) equation constrains the structure of a spherically symmetric body of isotropic material which is in static gravitational equilibrium, as modelled by general relativity. The equation… …
77Negative mass — In theoretical physics, negative mass is a hypothetical concept of matter whose mass is of opposite sign to the mass of the normal matter. Such matter would violate one or more energy conditions and show some strange properties such as being… …
78Time-of-flight mass spectrometry — (TOFMS) is a method of mass spectrometry in which ions are accelerated by an electric field of known strength. [Stephens, W. E., [http://link.aps.org/abstract/PR/v69/p674/s2 A Pulsed Mass Spectrometer with Time Dispersion] Phys. Rev. , 1946, 69 …
79Working mass — is a mass against which a system operates in order to produce acceleration. All acceleration requires an exchange of momentum, which can be thought of as the unit of movement . Momentum is related to mass and velocity, as given by the formula P …
80Euler–Lagrange equation — In calculus of variations, the Euler–Lagrange equation, or Lagrange s equation is a differential equation whose solutions are the functions for which a given functional is stationary. It was developed by Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler and… …
